{"id":17313,"date":"2023-07-12T14:40:31","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T10:40:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globecore.info\/?p=17313"},"modified":"2024-03-19T18:41:43","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T14:41:43","slug":"transformator-yaginin-barpasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globecore.info\/az\/transformator-yaginin-barpasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131 <\/b>tullant\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259si il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc vasit\u0259dir. D\u00fcnyada h\u0259r il heyr\u0259tamiz miqdarda tullant\u0131 neft \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lir. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 bu tip tullant\u0131larla i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00fczg\u00fcn siyas\u0259t formala\u015fd\u0131rmay\u0131blar, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7oxlu neft yer\u0259 v\u0259 ya su h\u00f6vz\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr v\u0259 bird\u0259n \u00e7ox yolla d\u00fcz\u0259lm\u0259z z\u0259r\u0259r verir. \u018fvv\u0259la, su h\u00f6vz\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki tullant\u0131 neft bitkil\u0259ri v\u0259 heyvanlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u0259r\u0259k b\u00fct\u00fcn ekosisteml\u0259ri ya\u015fanmaz hala g\u0259tirir. \u0130kincisi, tullant\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 insanlara t\u0259sir ed\u0259n kanserogen madd\u0259l\u0259r var. Neft m\u0259hsullar\u0131 \u00e7ox yava\u015f par\u00e7alan\u0131r; \u0259traf m\u00fchit tullant\u0131 neft\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t m\u0259ruz qal\u0131rsa, n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri bir o q\u0259d\u0259r a\u011f\u0131r olur. Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn b\u0259rpas\u0131 v\u0259 ya at\u0131lmas\u0131 vacibdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n istehsal\u0131 prosesi<\/h2>\n

\u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salaq <\/span>transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n istehsal\u0131 prosesi. <\/b>Bu m\u00fcayin\u0259 transformatorlar\u0131n i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259ki izolyasiya mayesind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n prosesl\u0259ri a\u015fkar edir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcn transformatorlarda istifad\u0259 olunan ya\u011flar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti minerald\u0131r, baxmayaraq ki, sintetik ya\u011flar da istifad\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Birincil\u0259r atmosfer t\u0259zyiqind\u0259 300 il\u0259 400\u00ba\u0421 qaynama temperaturu olan xam neft distill\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Sad\u0259c\u0259 olaraq bu distillatlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 kifay\u0259t deyil, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 ya\u011f\u0131n oksidl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 dayan\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 dielektrik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc azaldan bir \u00e7ox madd\u0259l\u0259r var. \u018fn problemli materiallardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri asfalt v\u0259 qatran, k\u00fck\u00fcrd v\u0259 azot birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 doymam\u0131\u015f karbohidrogenl\u0259rdir. Bunlar\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn distill\u0259l\u0259r \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq sulfat tur\u015fusu il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir v\u0259 sonra q\u0259l\u0259vi il\u0259 neytralla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korona bo\u015falmas\u0131nda dissipasiya \u0259msal\u0131, hiqroskopiklik v\u0259 qaza davaml\u0131l\u0131q t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259ri \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 orta s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259kdir. T\u0259l\u0259b olunan keyfiyy\u0259t\u0259 distillatlar\u0131n x\u00fcsusi adsorbent m\u00fchitl\u0259 emal edilm\u0259si il\u0259 nail olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n istehsal\u0131 prosesin\u0259 xam neftd\u0259n laz\u0131mi distill\u0259l\u0259rin \u00e7oxpill\u0259li distill\u0259 yolu il\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 sulfat tur\u015fusu v\u0259 adsorbentl\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259si daxildir. <\/span>Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131 <\/b>yaln\u0131z orijinal ya\u011f\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259ti yax\u015f\u0131 olduqda m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n pisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri<\/h2>\n

\"Transformator<\/p>\n

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131 h\u0259m da\u015f\u0131nma, h\u0259m saxlama, h\u0259m d\u0259 istismar zaman\u0131 keyfiyy\u0259tini itirir. \u018ftraf m\u00fchitd\u0259n olan toz, su v\u0259 qazlar anbarda v\u0259 ya neft da\u015f\u0131nark\u0259n neft\u0259 daxil olur. \u0130stehsal\u00e7\u0131dan t\u0259z\u0259 ya\u011f bel\u0259 tez-tez elektrik avadanl\u0131qlar\u0131nda istifad\u0259 etm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259 v\u0259 qazs\u0131zla\u015fd\u0131rma t\u0259l\u0259b olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n istismar\u0131nda bir s\u0131ra m\u0259nfi amill\u0259r t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir: g\u00fccl\u00fc elektromaqnit sah\u0259si, r\u00fctub\u0259t, atmosfer oksigeni, bir-birin\u0259 dolanan nasazl\u0131qlar v\u0259 s. Bunlar izolyasiya mayesinin oksidl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si v\u0259 m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nir; ya\u011f art\u0131q enerjili komponentl\u0259ri avadanl\u0131qlar\u0131n qalan hiss\u0259sind\u0259n ay\u0131ra bilmir, istilik yay\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 b\u0259rk izolyasiyan\u0131n n\u0259md\u0259n qorunmas\u0131 da \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kir. Transformatorun xarab ya\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259si z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259r\u0259, nasazl\u0131qlara, bahal\u0131 t\u0259mir\u0259 v\u0259 dayanma m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bel\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn iki yol var: ya\u011f\u0131n vaxt\u0131nda d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 ya <\/span>transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si proseduru<\/h2>\n

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si prosedurunun yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259si ehtiyac\u0131 ya\u011f n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259hlili il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir. Ya\u011f\u0131n parametrl\u0259ri (tur\u015fu say\u0131, dielektrik g\u00fcc\u00fc, dissipasiya \u0259msal\u0131 v\u0259 s.) standartlar v\u0259 qaydalar h\u00fcdudlar\u0131ndan k\u0259nara \u00e7\u0131xarsa, ya\u011f d\u0259yi\u015fdirilir v\u0259 ya b\u0259rpa olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si proseduru <\/b>kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r uzundur. Bu, transformatorun h\u0259cmind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 saat \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259r. Birincisi, ya\u011f transformatorun alt\u0131ndak\u0131 x\u00fcsusi bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f vasit\u0259sil\u0259 bo\u015fald\u0131l\u0131r. N\u00f6vb\u0259ti add\u0131m qalan k\u00f6hn\u0259 ya\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 onun qocalma m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xarmaqd\u0131r. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tank isti ya\u011fla yuyulur. Yaln\u0131z bundan sonra transformatora yeni ya\u011f qoyula bil\u0259r. Daha y\u00fcks\u0259k g\u0259rginlikli transformatorlar ya\u011fla doldurulark\u0259n vakuum t\u0259l\u0259b olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131n ki, h\u0259tta transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si proseduru, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n yuyulma da yeni ya\u011f\u0131 qalan \u00e7irkl\u0259rd\u0259n qoruya bilm\u0259z. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 <\/span>transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131 <\/b>transformatorun \u00e7\u0259ninin i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 bel\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 bir se\u00e7imdir.<\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259si sisteml\u0259ri<\/h2>\n

\"Transformator<\/p>\n

Neftin t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259si il\u0259 ya\u011f\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq ayd\u0131nd\u0131r. T\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259 neftd\u0259n b\u0259rk hiss\u0259cikl\u0259r, su, qazlar v\u0259 s. kimi \u00e7irkl\u0259rin \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur. <\/span>Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259si sisteml\u0259ri<\/b> h\u0259m avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n doldurulmas\u0131ndan \u0259vv\u0259l izolyasiya mayel\u0259rinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 istismar zaman\u0131 onlar\u0131n parametrl\u0259rinin yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur. Ya\u011fda tap\u0131la bil\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7irkl\u0259ndiricil\u0259ri idar\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn universal \u00fcsul yoxdur, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 ya\u011f t\u0259mizl\u0259yici avadanl\u0131q bir s\u0131ra prosesl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslana bil\u0259r: filtrasiya, vakuum v\u0259 q\u0131zd\u0131rma.<\/span><\/p>\n

Filtrasiya neftin \u00e7irkl\u0259ri tutan m\u0259sam\u0259li mane\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259chiz olunmu\u015f x\u00fcsusi qur\u011fular (s\u00fczg\u0259cl\u0259r) vasit\u0259sil\u0259 vurulmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span>Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259si sisteml\u0259ri <\/b>ad\u0259t\u0259n h\u0259r n\u00f6vb\u0259ti cihaz \u0259vv\u0259lkind\u0259n daha inc\u0259 olan filtrl\u0259r kaskad\u0131n\u0131 ehtiva edir. Bu filtrasiya keyfiyy\u0259tini yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 filtrin d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r vaxt\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ya\u011fdan suyu v\u0259 qaz\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xarmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istilik v\u0259 vakuum m\u00fcalic\u0259si istifad\u0259 olunur, Suyun qaynama n\u00f6qt\u0259si neftd\u0259n daha y\u00fcks\u0259kdir v\u0259 q\u0131zd\u0131rma su buxar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xarma\u011fa imkan verir. Vakuum suyun qaynama temperaturunu daha da azald\u0131r v\u0259 neftd\u0259n qazlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ya\u011f\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131<\/b> t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n daha dol\u011fun bir prosesdir. Uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t istifad\u0259 edildikd\u0259, ya\u011f qocalma il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li madd\u0259l\u0259r toplay\u0131r: par\u00e7alanma m\u0259hsullar\u0131, tur\u015fular, \u015flamlar, istifad\u0259 edilmi\u015f \u0259lav\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n m\u0259hsullar\u0131. Daimi t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u00e7irkl\u0259ri aradan qald\u0131ra bilm\u0259z. Transformator ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir:<\/span><\/p>\n