{"id":17539,"date":"2021-06-29T23:48:44","date_gmt":"2021-06-29T19:48:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globecore.info\/prigotovlenie-burovogo-rastvora-v-apparate-vihrevogo-sloya\/"},"modified":"2024-03-20T10:29:27","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T06:29:27","slug":"prigotovlenie-burovogo-rastvora-v-apparate-vihrevogo-sloya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globecore.info\/az\/prigotovlenie-burovogo-rastvora-v-apparate-vihrevogo-sloya\/","title":{"rendered":"Burul\u011fan lay cihaz\u0131nda qazma m\u0259hlulunun istehsal\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bu yaz\u0131da biz ferromaqnit hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rinin burul\u011fan t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259si texnologiyas\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 qazma m\u0259hlulunun hasil edilm\u0259sini m\u00fczakir\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259yik v\u0259 bu texnologiyan\u0131n neft-qaz s\u0259nayesind\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi perspektivl\u0259rini qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259c\u0259yik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qazma m\u0259hlulu mineral ehtiyatlar\u0131n (neft v\u0259 qaz) i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si texnologiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm hiss\u0259sidir. O, eyni vaxtda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 funksiyaya cavabdehdir, bunlar aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fcxurun alt \u00e7uxurdan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131, quyunun ma\u011faraya d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259d\u0259n qorunmas\u0131, qazma g\u00f6vd\u0259sinin dopinql\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 s. kimi funksiyalar\u0131 qeyd etm\u0259k olar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qazma m\u0259hlulunun istehsal\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif formulalardan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir, lakin su \u0259sasl\u0131 v\u0259 karbohidrogen \u0259sasl\u0131 m\u0259hlullar \u0259n \u00e7ox yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Birinci halda xidm\u0259t suyu, duzlu sular v\u0259 hidrogell\u0259r, polimer, polimer-gil v\u0259 gil m\u0259hlullar\u0131 kimi komponentl\u0259rd\u0259n, ikinci halda is\u0259 ters \u00e7evrilmi\u015f emulsiyalar v\u0259 \u0259h\u0259ng-bitum m\u0259hlullar\u0131 t\u0259tbiq edilir. Standart komponentl\u0259r h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 qazma m\u0259hlulunun laz\u0131mi funksiyalar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259 bilm\u0259z; buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 onlar\u0131 t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn struktur v\u0259 reoloji xass\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259nziml\u0259y\u0259n x\u00fcsusi modifikatorlardan istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qazma m\u0259hlulunun istehsal\u0131, bir qayda olaraq, f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti m\u00fcxt\u0259lif qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n, dispersatorlar\u0131n v\u0259 s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qazma m\u0259hlulu istehsal\u0131 avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

Qazma m\u0259hlulunun istehsal olundu\u011fu qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 dispersatorlar\u0131n \u0259sas n\u00f6vl\u0259rini m\u00fczakir\u0259 ed\u0259k. Neft v\u0259 qaz quyular\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259\u015ffiyyat qazmas\u0131nda, qazma qur\u011fular\u0131n\u0131n avtonom yerl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 hidravlik \u00fcsul b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb edir ki, ona \u0259sas\u0259n gilli d\u00f6vriyy\u0259d\u0259 olan mayel\u0259rin b\u0259rk hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rini par\u00e7alamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaln\u0131z kinetik ax\u0131n enerjisind\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunur. Bu i\u015f prinsipini h\u0259yata ke\u00e7ir\u0259n cihaz hidravlik qazma m\u0259hlulu qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 ya hidravlik qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 adlan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qazma m\u0259hlulu istehsal\u0131n\u0131n son m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zd\u0259nqa\u00e7ma qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rma \u00fcsulundan istifad\u0259 edilir. Avarlar\u0131n f\u0131rlanmas\u0131na m\u0259ruz qald\u0131qda gil hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rinin da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Konstruksiya bax\u0131m\u0131ndan statik (h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tsiz) qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar qazma m\u0259hlulu m\u0259hlulunun t\u0259dar\u00fck\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f boruya x\u00fcsusi bir \u0259lav\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bu \u0259lav\u0259l\u0259r m\u00fcxt\u0259lif uzunluqlarda, diametrl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 konfiqurasiyalarda ola bil\u0259r ki, bu da m\u00fcxt\u0259lif kimy\u0259vi t\u0259bi\u0259t, \u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fck v\u0259 s\u0131xl\u0131qdak\u0131 \u00e7oxkomponentli materiallar\u0131 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa imkan verir. Statik qazma m\u0259hlulu qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas v\u0259zif\u0259si material\u0131 homogenl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k, \u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fck qradiyentini kondisiyala\u015fd\u0131rmaq, qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa s\u0131x\u0131lm\u0131\u015f havan\u0131n daxil olmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq v\u0259 ax\u0131n\u0131n turbulentliyini art\u0131rmaqd\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259d\u0259 komponentl\u0259rin son qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yaln\u0131z pal\u00e7\u0131q istehsal b\u00f6lm\u0259sind\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar v\u0259 disperserl\u0259rd\u0259n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 ke\u00e7irildikd\u0259 ba\u015f verir, y\u0259ni bir ne\u00e7\u0259 emal d\u00f6vr\u00fc ba\u015f verir. Yuxar\u0131da g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259nl\u0259ri, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 mexaniki qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rmada f\u0259al i\u015ftirak\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq, qazma m\u0259hlulunun istehsal\u0131 prosesin\u0259 s\u0259rf olunan \u00e7oxlu vaxt v\u0259 elektrik enerjisi haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015fmaq olar. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, ist\u0259nil\u0259n keyfiyy\u0259tli qazma m\u0259hlulunu \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmur. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, laz\u0131mi keyfiyy\u0259t x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini t\u0259min etm\u0259kl\u0259, qazma m\u0259hlullar\u0131n\u0131n istehsal m\u00fcdd\u0259tini v\u0259 enerji tutumunu azaldacaq yeni cihazlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 aktual v\u0259 vaxt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burul\u011fan lay qur\u011fusu vasit\u0259sil\u0259 qazma m\u0259hlulunun istehsal\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

Dizayn bax\u0131m\u0131ndan, <\/span>burul\u011fan t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259si cihaz\u0131<\/span> f\u0131rlanan elektromaqnit sah\u0259sinin induktoruna yerl\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n \u0259m\u0259liyyat kameras\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edir (\u015e\u0259kil 1).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u00e7irkab<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259kil 1. Ferromaqnit hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t burul\u011fan t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259si olan qur\u011fu: 1 \u2013 \u0259m\u0259liyyat kameras\u0131n\u0131n paslanmayan poladdan (qeyri-maqnit) kollu; 2 \u2013 f\u0131rlanan elektromaqnit sah\u0259sinin induktoru; 3 \u2013 induktor korpusu; 4 \u2013 paslanmayan poladdan (qeyri-maqnit) i\u015f kameras\u0131; 5 \u2013 ferromaqnit hiss\u0259cikl\u0259r<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ferromaqnit hiss\u0259cikl\u0259ri \u0259m\u0259liyyat kameras\u0131na yerl\u0259\u015fdirilir – diametri 1 il\u0259 5 mm aras\u0131nda v\u0259 uzunlu\u011fu 1 il\u0259 50 mm aras\u0131nda olan silindrik elementl\u0259r (qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rma texnologiyas\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq) bir ne\u00e7\u0259 on v\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 min \u0259d\u0259d (0,05-5 kq) miqdar\u0131nda. (d\u0259qiq m\u0259bl\u0259\u011f cihaz\u0131n i\u015f zonas\u0131nda hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rin kritik k\u00fctl\u0259 \u0259msal\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r). Bu cihaz\u0131n \u0259sas x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259ti \u0259m\u0259liyyat kameras\u0131nda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif fiziki v\u0259 kimy\u0259vi prosesl\u0259rin eyni vaxtda apar\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130nduktorun v\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259 kameras\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259nd\u0259si forma x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, induktor t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yarad\u0131lan elektromaqnit sah\u0259si v\u0259 indiki 0,11 il\u0259 0,15 T aras\u0131nda olan maqnit induksiyas\u0131, elementin s\u00fcr\u0259tinin radial komponentinin vektor istiqam\u0259tinin oldu\u011fu burul\u011fan qat\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Eyni d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 ehtimal olunur v\u0259 te\u011fetsel komponent \u0259sas\u0259n sah\u0259nin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti il\u0259 istiqam\u0259tl\u0259nir ki, bu da b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259nin dair\u0259vi h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, cihaz\u0131n oxu boyunca y\u00f6n\u0259ldilmi\u015f s\u00fcr\u0259t komponenti ferromaqnit hiss\u0259cikl\u0259ri bir-biri il\u0259 v\u0259 kameran\u0131n divarlar\u0131 il\u0259 toqqu\u015fduqda v\u0259 emal olunmu\u015f m\u0259hsulun ax\u0131n\u0131na m\u0259ruz qald\u0131qda onlara t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Bu halda hiss\u0259cikl\u0259r \u0259m\u0259liyyat kameras\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t edir. H\u0259r bir ferromaqnit element \u0259ks maqnitizml\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131qda qalan elementl\u0259rl\u0259 toqqu\u015faraq sal\u0131nma\u011fa ba\u015flayan a\u00e7\u0131q-a\u015fkar dipol maqnitdir. Toqqu\u015fma tezliyind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131q uzunlu\u011fun diametrin\u0259 nisb\u0259ti il\u0259 d\u00fcz m\u00fct\u0259nasibdir. Maksimum d\u0259y\u0259r l\/d=9\u2026.13 s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunur. Cihaz\u0131n i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259 kameras\u0131nda ba\u015f ver\u0259n v\u0259 madd\u0259l\u0259rin aktiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yay\u0131lmas\u0131na v\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na t\u00f6hf\u0259 ver\u0259n \u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli prosesl\u0259r aras\u0131nda vur\u011fulama\u011fa d\u0259y\u0259r:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • elektromaqnit sah\u0259sinin t\u0259siri;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • ferromaqnit hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rinin i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f madd\u0259y\u0259 mexaniki t\u0259siri;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u00a0hidrodinamik t\u0259sir (mayed\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k k\u0259sici g\u0259rginlikl\u0259r, t\u0259zyiq v\u0259 ax\u0131n s\u00fcr\u0259tinin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si);<\/span><\/li>\n
  • hidroakustik effekt (intensiv kavitasiya, \u015fok dal\u011falar\u0131);<\/span><\/li>\n
  • istilik effekti;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • hidroliz.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    F\u0131rlanan elektromaqnit sah\u0259sinin enerjisi emal olunmu\u015f madd\u0259nin daxili enerjisini induksiya edir (s\u0259th t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259sinin aktivl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si). Sonuncunun g\u00fcc\u00fc \u00e7ox y\u00fcks\u0259kdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Dispersiyan\u0131n v\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n eyni vaxtda ba\u015f verdiyi qur\u011funun i\u015f kameras\u0131nda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif hadis\u0259l\u0259rin inteqrasiya olunmu\u015f t\u0259siri, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 elektromaqnit sah\u0259sinin \u0259ld\u0259 edilm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259rf olunan nisb\u0259t\u0259n az miqdarda enerji qazma m\u0259hlulunun qazma m\u0259hlulunun istehsal\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 f\u0259rziyy\u0259 ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. vorteks qat cihaz\u0131 daha s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li olacaq. Bu f\u0259rziyy\u0259ni yoxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir s\u0131naq ke\u00e7irdik.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Eksperimental t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri<\/span><\/h2>\n

    T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li t\u0259dqiqatlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn biz quyunun \u00e7\u00f6km\u0259d\u0259n qorunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan karbohidrogen \u0259sasl\u0131 qazma m\u0259hlulunun formulas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259tbiq etdik. O, dizel yanaca\u011f\u0131 (835 kq\/m3), xidm\u0259ti su, emulqator (20 L\/m3), \u0259h\u0259ng (20 kq\/m3), orqanofil gil (12 kq\/m3) v\u0259 halitd\u0259n (90 kq\/m3) ibar\u0259t olub.<\/span><\/p>\n

    istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k qazma m\u0259hlulunun istehsal\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259liliyi \u00f6yr\u0259nilmi\u015fdir <\/span>AVS-100<\/span> t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n istehsal edil\u0259n vorteks qat cihaz\u0131 <\/span>GlobeCore<\/i><\/b> v\u0259 diametri 2 mm v\u0259 uzunlu\u011fu 20 mm olan polad ferromaqnit elementl\u0259ri. Bu elementl\u0259rin konstruktiv material\u0131 kimi i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f qazma m\u0259hlulunda metal\u0131n \u0259n ki\u00e7ik \u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fclm\u0259 m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bilyal\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nmaya davaml\u0131 poladdan istifad\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n

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    		\n

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    		\n

    \"\"

    \u015e\u0259kil 2 \u2013 Qazma m\u0259hlulunun plastik \u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn, filtrasiyas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 elektrik dayan\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yoxlan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

    Emulsiya \u0259ld\u0259 edildikd\u0259n sonra a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 parametrl\u0259r yoxlan\u0131ld\u0131: filtrasiya, plastik \u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fck, s\u0131xl\u0131q v\u0259 elektrik sabitliyi. Onlar\u0131n \u0259d\u0259di d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ri C\u0259dv\u0259l 1-d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilmi\u015fdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

    C\u0259dv\u0259l 1 \u2013 AVS-100 burul\u011fan lay qur\u011fusu vasit\u0259sil\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f qazma m\u0259hlulunun parametrl\u0259ri<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n

    Yox.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		Parametr<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fc vahidi<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

    R\u0259q\u0259msal d\u0259y\u0259r<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    1<\/span><\/td>\n\n

    Plastik \u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fck<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		cP<\/span><\/td>\n\n

    11<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    2<\/span><\/td>\n\n

    filtrasiya<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		sm3<\/span><\/td>\n\n

    3.8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    3<\/span><\/td>\n\n

    S\u0131xl\u0131q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		kq\/m3<\/span><\/td>\n\n

    940<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    4<\/span><\/td>\n\n

    Elektrik sabitliyi<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		IN<\/span><\/td>\n\n

    429<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u018fld\u0259 edil\u0259n m\u0259lumatlar qazma m\u0259hlulunun keyfiyy\u0259tli olmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, onun istehsal\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn AVS-100 burul\u011fan lay qur\u011fusundan istifad\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

    T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslanan n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Apar\u0131lan s\u0131naqlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r \u00e7\u0131xarma\u011fa imkan verir:<\/span><\/p>\n